an eternal person in the triune life of God, moving from the “who spake by the Prophets” confession of the third article of the creed. He does this to defeat the claim of some that the creeds are postbiblical, philosophical abstractions and can be dispensed with (Servetus), on the one hand, and to challenge the view that the Holy Spirit emerges in the declarations of church councils in a more full way than scripture itself attests (Eck), on the other. Luther declares the anteriority of the Holy Spirit